Aldon Junior Anderson (January 3, 1917 – March 24, 1996) was a United States federal judge.
Born in Salt Lake City, Utah, Anderson received a B.A. from the University of Utah in 1939 and a J.D. from the University of Utah College of Law in 1943. He was a Staff attorney of the Utah State Tax Commission from 1943 to 1945, and was then in private practice in Salt Lake City until 1957, also working as a Utah state district attorney from 1953 to 1957. He was a judge on the second district, Utah State District Court from 1957 to 1971.
On June 17, 1971, President Richard M. Nixon nominated Anderson to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Utah vacated by Albert Sherman Christensen. Anderson was confirmed by the United States Senate on July 22, 1971, and received his commission the same day. He served as chief judge from 1978–1984, assuming senior status on December 20, 1984. Anderson served in this capacity until his death in Salt Lake City.